Zootopia 2 – Review

Animation is in a weird fluctuation state right now, where what worked in the past doesn’t seem to be sure bets anymore.  The last 20 years in animation has been dominated largely by the trifecta of Disney, Pixar and Dreamworks, all of whom have built their brands on the strength of their innovation and storytelling through computer animation.  But, the computer animation craze seems to have died out, as the artform no longer has the novelty it once had.  Animated movies are still being made with computers, but they no longer look like computer animation.  Now films are being made that blend 3D computer animation with what looks like traditional hand drawn artwork.  Sony Animation Studios has been leading this shift in the animation industry with their innovative work on the Spiderverse movies, as well as their breakout hit KPOP Demon Hunters (2025) this year.  We are also seeing small independent studios adopting this new look in animation as well, including this last year’s Oscar winning entry from the nation of Latvia called Flow (2024).  And the bigger animation giants are seeing the results of this shift as their own film have been losing audience interest to newcomers.  This has been effecting original films from the big studios more than anything.  Pixar, which previously had one of the strongest track records of any animation studio in the world, has recently been struggling getting audiences to come see their new original films, like Elemental (2023) and Elio (2025).  Elio became the first non pandemic effected film by Pixar to not turn a profit in it’s theatrical run.  But even while these newer, original films struggle, we are also seeing record breaking success with sequels to past animated classics.  Between Elemental and Elio, Pixar had it’s biggest hit ever with Inside Out 2 (2024), which shows us that the only way these traditional animation powers are able to stay on top at the moment is to capitalize on their past glories.

Pixar’s sister studio Walt Disney Animation is also experiencing this same kind of cycle.  After the release of Frozen II  (2019), Disney has seen all of their original films fall short of crossing the $100 million mark at the box office.  Sure, in the case of Raya and the Last Dragon and Encanto (both 2021), they faced headwinds from the lingering effects of the pandemic, but even as audiences were returning to the theaters (especially for animated films) Disney still was struggling at the box office, with both Strange World (2022) and Wish (2023) both becoming big box office bombs.  So, what was Disney going to do to salvage their reputation at the box office?  The answer would come in capitalizing on their past wins.  During the 2010’s, Disney had a strong resurgence in box office fortune with a steady stream of hits that all were brand new stories.  Frozen (2013) certainly got the ball rolling, but they continued to build upon that success with movies that hit with both audiences and critics, such as Big Hero 6 (2014), Zootopia (2016) and Moana (2016).  And while the pandemic era threw a wrench into Disney’s plans at the turn of the decade, the popularity of these films only continued to grow.  What Disney saw with the launch of their streaming platform, Disney+, was dominant numbers being put up by these movies from the past decade.  Moana in fact is not just the most watched film on that platform, but one of the most streamed movies ever across all platforms, even beating out many Netflix titles in the same time frame.  So, with their original films struggling to find their audience, it was time to look back at what worked before and try to replicate it.  A Disney+ original Moana series was quickly reworked into a feature film, and even though critics found it to be a cheapened cash grab, the gamble still worked, and Disney Animation had it’s first billion dollar film in 5 years.  Unfortunately, this means that we are going to be in a period of sequelizing rather than taking a shot at making new and original films in animation when it comes to Disney and Pixar, because these are the only ones that are bring in the money right now.  We’ve already seen this work out for Moana 2 (2024), despite it being a quickly slapped together sequel.  Does Zootopia 2 manage to overcome it’s intentions as a cash grab and actually justify itself as a worthy follow-up to it’s predecessor?

The story of Zootopia 2 picks up right on the heels of the first film.  Police officer Judy Hopps (Ginnifer Goodwin) has finally earned the respect of her department as it’s first rabbit recruit after solving the case of 13 missing animals from the city.  Her accomplice in solving that crime, Nick Wilde (Jason Bateman) has also been accepted into the department and the duo have been assigned as partners in the Investigative division.  Unfortunately their different methods in solving crimes have led to some incidents that have gotten out of control, which has forced their superior Chief Bogo (Idris Elba) to declare a separation of their partnership, unless they seek counseling or voluntarily remove themselves from cases.  Despite Bogo’s warning, Judy is determined to follow up on the smuggling case they were just kicked off of.  It leads them to an elite party in the Tundra Town district of Zootopia, hosted by one of the oldest and wealthiest families in the city, The Lynxleys.  On display at the party is a historical artifact called the Lynxley Journal, which has the original plans and patent for the city’s weather walls.  While investigating, Nick and Judy catch a mysterious figure that has invaded the party.  The figure turns out to be snake, the first appearance of one in Zootopia for many years.  The snake makes off with the Journal, but when confronted by Judy, he reveals that snakes like him have been unfairly scapegoated by people like the Lynxleys and that the journal is the key to helping him return to his rightful home.  Judy seeks to learn more from the snake named Gary (Ke Huy Quan) but both her and Nick are threatened by the head of the Lynxley household Milton (David Strathairn), who commands great power in the city, with the support of his equally ruthless children Cattrick (Macaulay Culkin) and Kitty (Brenda Song), and less so from his black sheep son Pawbert (Andy Samberg).  The pursuit of the truth takes Judy and Nick deep into the less travelled sides of the city, including Marsh Market, where the duo recieves help from an eccentric beaver named Nibbles (Fortune Feimster).  Can they solve the mystery of Zootopia’s shady past and help the reptile population from being wiped out ever further by the Lynxley’s devious plans.

It’s not a huge surprise that Zootopia would get the sequel treatment, given that the story left things open for further adventures of Nick and Judy.  There’s a ton of justification for developing Zootopia into a franchise because the world of the film is so rich with detail that there is a lot to further explore.  The only question is, did they have the right kind of story to follow up the first.  For me personally, I had very high expectations for a Zootopia sequel.  The first film is easily my favorite animated film of the last decade, and it has a place on my list of the Top Ten Movies of the 2010’s, found here.  Suffice to say, even if the movie is very good, it still has to contend with a movie that I hold in very high regard.  So, how does Zootopia 2 contend?  While I do think it falls short of the original, there is still a lot to like about this movie.  What Zootopia 2 does really well is build upon the world created in the first movie.  One of the great things about the world of Zootopia is the way that animators put in all these details about how the society is built around the different shapes and sizes of the animals that inhabit it.  Animals big and small call Zootopia home, and the architecture reflects this mix, as the society accommodates all the different aspects of the animal kingdom while they live and work in a way that looks so much like human civilization.  Zootopia 2 continues this, and gives us a look at the parts of the city that went unexplored in the first film.  In particular, we get a better view of the parts of the city away from the city center, in what human society would consider the suburbs.  The movie also uses it’s animal puns well, including some blink and you’ll miss them ones, like “Gnu Jersey.”  I have a feeling that this movie will benefit from a lot of re-watches in order to catch all of the different details.  The movie knows it’s strengths and plays to them pretty well, allowing us to see more of the world while at the same time allowing it’s two charismatic leads, Nick and Judy, to carry us through it all.

The only thing that is lacking from the experience is the novelty of the original.  Zootopia was a genuine surprise when it first came out because I feel like a lot of people (including myself) weren’t expecting it to be as deep and thought-provoking as it turned out to be.  A lot of us came to Zootopia thinking it was just going to be a simple, harmless animated romp meant for the whole family.  What we were surprised to find was that Zootopia was actually a profound commentary about modern society with a shockingly poignant message about institutionalized racism and how it unfairly drives people apart.  Sure, the kids would still get all the funny little animal moments to be entertained by, but for the parents there was a thought-provoking subtext to it all that you really didn’t expect to find worked into a Disney cartoon.  That’s what helped to make Zootopia stand out so strongly when it first came out, and in the years since, it’s message has only become even more prescient.  Zootopia 2 doesn’t quite have that element of surprise, since you already know going in that there will be a message in there.  Not that the message is bad by any means.  Instead about being institutional racism woven into society, Zootopia 2 is more about red-lining and gentrification splitting generational communities apart, which in a way is just a branch off of the message of the first movie.  I do appreciate that the movie is still trying to say something about society, but it doesn’t have the same punch as the first film.  Also, the plot twists feel a tad too familiar compared to the first film.  At least this time, the antagonistic force is set up much earlier instead of feeling like an afterthought in the first movie.  We don’t have to wait until the third act to realize the Lynxley family are bad people.  But, most of the rest of the movie lacks the element of surprise that made the original film so shockingly refreshing.

One the things that hasn’t been lost between films is the perfect chemistry between the two leads.  Judy Hopps and Nick Wilde are some of the best characters to come out of Disney Animation in recent years, and they continue to be endlessly engaging in this sequel.  Ginnifer Goodwin and Jason Bateman both return to these iconic roles, and haven’t missed a beat.  I’m still struck by how much heart Goodwin puts into her vocal performance, making Judy’s emotional moments feel genuinely profound, while also at the same time nailing the more comical moments as well with Judy’s bubbly personality.  And Jason Bateman again proves that his personality was perfectly suited for slick, wise-cracking fox.  A lot of the heart of this sequel still remains the remarkable chemistry between these two.  I really do wonder if there were scenes which they recorded together, because their banter feels so perfectly in sync.  If not, the film’s vocal directors deserve a lot of praise for making the back and forth of these characters feel so perfectly in tune.  There are a lot of returning favorites from the first movie, though a couple of them like Chief Bogo and Officer Clawhauser (Nate Torrence) get their screen time diminished significantly in favor of introducing a lot of new faces.  One of the chief newcomers is Gary De’Snake, whose the heart of the plot of this story.  Ke Huy Quan delivers a very heartfelt performance as the newcomer to this world.  Given that Quan’s own family came to America as refugees must make this portrayal of a displaced animal like Gary something very close to home for him.  One of my favorite new characters though is the new horse mayor of Zootopia named Mayor Winddancer, voiced by a scene-stealing Patrick Warburton, here in a new Disney character role 25 years after his first when he voiced Kronk in The Emperor’s New Groove (2000).  Also looking through the cast list of this movie you’re going to see a surprising amount of cameo voices from some pretty big names sprinkled throughout.  These include pro-wrestlers like CM Punk and Roman Raines playing “Ze-Bros,” or the real CEO of the Disney Company playing Bob Tiger.  It may be somewhat of a gimmick to give all of these cameos to big names, even if it’s just for one throw away line, but thankfully it doesn’t take away from the stand out performances of it’s lead actors.

Once again, the incredible design work of the animation team delivers some incredible visuals for us to enjoy in this film.  The movie sees the return of the original directors, Byron Howard and the newly promoted chief creative officer of Disney Animation Jared Bush, and they continue the same outlook over the world of Zootopia that they devoted to the first movie.  This time around, they get to showcase more of the city we haven’t seen, but still keep it familiar enough to feel like a natural extension of what we saw in the first movie.  We saw a little bit of Tundra Town in the first movie, but it was mostly limited to seeing an inner city environment in a deep freeze during the winter.  In this movie, Tundra Town is expanded out more, and the grounds around the Lynxley mansion has the feel of a ski resort after a winter storm.  There are also completely new places shown in this movie like Marsh Market, that definitely have a Deep South vibe to them.  The variety of animals are also incredibly realized.  One particular scene when Nick and Judy visit an underground hideout of reptiles shows just how much fun the filmmakers were having in using all of the characteristics we know about these animals get reworked into a human like behavior.  This film definitely has a more expansive scope to it than the first film, which largely stuck pretty close to the inner city.  You really get a sense of the scale of the city of Zootopia from this film, which includes not just urban centers, but mountain ranges and deserts as well.  It’s also great that we get a lot more of the lore of Zootopia in this city, particularly with regards to how it was all built.  The engineering of the weather walls becomes a crucial part of the plot, and in this movie we get a lot more detail about how it actually works.  For a lot of this movie, it does exactly what you want a good sequel to do which is to give you more; fleshing out ideas from the first movie and enriching it.  But, given the strength of the first movie and how it was so unexpectedly rich, I feel like it elevated it ahead of this one, which does the job right but doesn’t go any further than that.

As far as Disney animation sequels go, Zootopia 2 is undoubtedly one of the best ones.  It’s lightyears ahead of the travesty that was Frozen II and even though I liked Moana 2 better than most critics, I do recognize that it is a lot messier than the original film.  Zootopia 2 may fall short of it’s predecessor, but it still does enough to make it a worthy sequel.  I love the richness of the world it portrays and a lot of the new characters are a ton of fun to watch.  But, I doubt this movie is going to make my Best of the Decade list like the first film did, and it may miss out on my yearly list as well.  All that said, it’s still a film very much worth seeing; it just has the disadvantage of coming after a masterpiece.  Zootopia was going to be a hard act to follow no matter what.  It quite simply is one of the best animated films ever made; by Disney or anyone else.  I would say that it’s unfair to compare one with the other, but it was only a year ago where I saw Pixar follow up one of their best films with a sequel that surpassed it in almost every way, delivering one of the best best films ever with Inside Out 2.  Maybe I’m being a tad too critical because this sequel wasn’t as good as the original, but it’s only because the first Zootopia is still so fresh in my mind, and that affected my viewing of this film.  That said, it still is a worthy follow up to the sequel that doesn’t take anything away from the original and compliments it well.  No matter what I say, this is going to be another massive success for Disney Animation, giving them two wins in a row at the box office which they desperately needed.  I just hope that the success of Moana 2 and Zootopia 2 alongside Inside Out 2’s record breaking success doesn’t lead to a cycle of sequels for the foreseeable future.  It doesn’t bode well that we are getting another Toy Story next summer, and though I am still looking forward to that too, I just wish there was also news of more original films coming as well.  Disney and Pixar can’t just coast on sequels forever.  They need to find ways to improved their marketing of their fresh new films; and to also make them as good as they can be.  People do want to see new things; look at the buzz around KPOP Demon Hunters for example.  Disney has the talent to bring new, fresh ideas to reality; they just need to find ways to reconnect that desire to see new things from the audience to what they have being worked on in their studio.  Zootopia 2 is fun no matter what, but Disney needs to improve their game otherwise their output will just devolve over time into managing aging franchises.

Rating: 8/10

Wicked: For Good – Review

One can’t imagine a world in which we never had a story like The Wizard of Oz in our lives.  Since author L. Frank Baum wrote down his imaginative tome about the magical world of Oz and the little Kansas girl who found her way there, we have been collectively enchanted for generations, finding new and creative ways to bring Oz to life.  No other adaptation has had as deep an impact as the big screen MGM production in 1939; a technicolor masterpiece that has been declared the most watched movie in history.  The Wizard of Oz (1939) remains the gold standard for all adaptations of L. Frank Baum’s stories, particularly in the visual iconography it created.  But, that hasn’t stopped many other people from trying to put their own spin on the Oz mythos.  One of the more creative came in the 70’s, when the musical The Wiz premiered on the Broadway stage and infused the familiar story with contemporary African-American culture and music.  The musical would later be adapted into a movie by Sidney Lumet and starred Diana Ross and Michael Jackson.  But that wouldn’t be it for The Wizard of Oz on both the Broadway stage and on the big screen.  In 1995, writer Gregory Maguire wrote an alternate history version of Baum’s original tale, recounting the events of The Wizard of Oz, but from the point of view of it’s villain, the Wicked Witch of the West.  Maguire’s book used the Oz story to deconstruct the notion of evil in the stories we tell, and whether people are born wicked or are made to be wicked, and how stories often are used as weapons to villainize the wrong people.  It was a compelling re-imagining of the Oz narrative and that gained the attention of some key people in the musical theater world.  Composer and lyricist Stephen Schwartz had been wanting to do a musical themed around the Land of Oz and he was instantly drawn to Maguire’s book and found it to be a perfect subject for adaptation.  Working alongside stage book writer Winnie Holzman, Wicked was realized into a lavish, high spectacle musical in 2003, and it has been playing non-stop on the Broadway stage ever since, becoming one of the longest running and most profitable shows ever on the Great White Way.

With the enormous success of the Wicked stage show it was easy to think that a big screen musical adaptation would follow very soon after.  But, the show’s producer Marc Platt held off bringing it to the big screen for twenty years, despite the fact that Universal Pictures was involved in the development of the show for the stage.  Platt’s intention was to allow Wicked to have a full, uninterrupted run on the stage before bringing it too the screen.  People would be less inclined to pay $50-100 per showing for the stage show if they could buy a movie ticket for a fraction of that price or rent it for even less to watch at home.   The Broadway show needed to build up that following first, and thanks to it’s record success both in New York and through it’s worldwide touring company, Wicked didn’t wane over time; it just kept growing.  So, after 20 years of running on stage (minus the Covid shutdowns for one year) it was time to finally bring the hit musical to the big screen.  But, it was going to require the right team behind it.  Mark Platt and Universal ended up turning to director Jon M. Chu , who had come up through directing music videos for the likes of Justin Bieber and many other hip hop groups, but managed to find his biggest success as a film director with the hit film Crazy Rich Asians (2018).  He came into this project with a lot of experience behind him, but Wicked was going to be a much heftier undertaking than anything he had made before.  There was also controversy surrounding the casting of the two lead characters; Elphaba, the Wicked Witch and Glinda, the Good Witch.  A lot of fans of the show wanted to see the return of the show’s original stars, Kristen Chenoweth as Glinda and Idina Menzel as Elphaba, a role that won her a Tony Award, but it was decided by the production to tap new performers for the roles; in particular Tony Winner Cynthia Erivo as Elphaba and recording artist Ariana Grande as Glinda.  Also controversial was the decision to break the musical up into two films, with a year long gap in between releases.  Despite the worries of many fans, Part 1 of Wicked (2024) premiered over the holiday season and became a smashing success, creating a lot of anticipation for it’s concluding chapter this year.  The only question is, does Wicked: For Good defy gravity, or does the yellow brick road lead to nowhere.

Some time has passed between Part One of Wicked and this second act of the story.  The first part of the tale showed us the start of the relationship at the heart of the story, that between Elphaba Thropp (Cynthia Erivo) and Galinda Upland (Ariana Grande).  Though they started out as rivals at the prestigious Shiz University of the Land of Oz, they found themselves becoming the closest of friends.  But, turmoil would once again test their friendship.  All across Oz, animal citizens continue to loose their rights to co-exist with the humans, leading many of them to be forced into cages which leads them to loosing their ability to speak.  Elphaba sees this injustice and becomes determined to help the animals that she sees being abused and scapegoated.  She believed that if she could make her case to the Wizard of Oz (Jeff Goldblum) himself, he might be able to undo this injustice.  But unfortunately, upon arriving at the Emerald City, she finds out that not only is he complicit in the mistreatment of animals in Oz, but that he doesn’t have any magical power at all, and is just a con man trying to use her real magical abilities for his advantage.  Not only that, she also learns that the dean of her school, Madame Morrible (Michelle Yeoh) is also the master mind behind this deception, making her feel even more betrayed.  After standing up against the Wizard, Elphaba is labeled a traitor and a menace to Ozians through a propaganda campaign that paints her as a Wicked Witch.  She chooses to go into exile and acts to disrupt the Wizard’s regime through select attacks.  All the while, Glinda tries to keep up appearances as a Good Witch to counter the “threat” of the Wicked one, while at the same time trying to keep Elphaba’s true whereabouts hidden.  Glinda’s attempt to broker peace between Elphaba and the Wizard becomes increasingly difficult, and it drives a wedge between her and Prince Fiyero (Jonathan Baily), the captain of the Emerald City guards and her fiancée.  It turns out that Fiyero still has feelings for Elphaba, which also makes Glinda feel all the more betrayed by those she thought were her friends.  Is there hope that Elphaba and Glinda can bridge their differences once again and bring harmony to Oz, or are the betrayals too much to overcome?  And is it possible for Elphaba to be seen for the good that she does and not for the wickedness that the powerful have unjustly labeled her with?

For me personally, I came into the first Wicked movie completely cold.  I was familiar with the Broadway show, but I had never seen it performed live.  I also haven’t read the original Maguire novel it’s based on, so the only thing I brought with me going into the first movie was my knowledge of Oz lore from the original MGM classic.  I wasn’t expecting much, because I’ve had a particularly mixed experience with modern movie musicals based on hit Broadway shows.  Some have been pretty great over the years (Sweeny ToddIn the HeightsWest Side Story) while others have been pretty dreadful (Les Miserables, Cats, Dear Evan Hansen).  Given how massive of a hit the show has been on the Broadway stage, I felt like there was no way they would be able to translate it successfully for the big screen, and splitting up the 2 1/2 stage show and blowing it up into a two part, 5 hour cinematic experience just spelt disaster.  So, color me pleasantly surprised when I walked out of the first part of Wicked having really enjoyed it.  I was pretty stunned by how well the movie ended up coming together.  The entire first film is longer than the whole of the Broadway show, running 160 minutes, and yet it never felt bloated or sagging.  It used it’s run time remarkably well, and it helped to immerse us the audience into this version of Oz which was incredibly imaginative and detailed.  The movie wound up winning very deserved Oscars for for it’s costumes and production design.  And Cynthia Erivo’s performance of the show’s signature song “Defying Gravity” was such a perfect high note to close the movie on and it really got me excited to watch the second film, which I’d have to wait a year for.  So, was it worth the wait.  Well, a lot of Broadway show fans will tell you that the musical peaks at “Defying Gravity” and the second half of the musical doesn’t quite match up with the first.  That’s true of the Broadway show, and sadly also true of the movie Wicked: For Good, but that doesn’t mean that the movie is bad; not at all.  It’s just not as good as it’s predecessor, and that flaw is not really a fault of the movie so much as a flaw built into the musical from the very start.  In order to be a faithful adaptation, Wicked had to take the bad along with the good.  One would have hoped that maybe the filmmakers would’ve found a work around to make the flaws of the stage show less of an issue here, but alas we see that they still made the translation to the big screen.

There’s still a lot of entertainment to be had here.  Jon M. Chu still proves to be a great stager of musical numbers.  One of the worries I had going into the first film was the fact that it was being directed by a man who cut his teeth as a director of musical videos.  I have long said that the MTV generation ruined movie musicals for a long time, because the prevailing style of quick edits that worked for snappy music videos on MTV did not translate well into musical adaptations for the cinema.  That’s why so many musicals over the last 20 or so years look so cheap, because the music video style just chops everything up in the edit and doesn’t allow for the musical numbers to really come alive.  You look at stage to screen musicals of the past like Oklahoma (1955) or The Music Man (1962), they relied on long takes that really showed off the incredible staging of the different musical numbers, immersing the audience the same way that the stage show would.  Thankfully, Jon M. Chu is not the kind of filmmaker to chop things up.  I think what helps is that in addition to directing music videos, he also directed concerts as well, and he was the creator of the choreography centered Step Up movies, so the man knows the importance of staging.  The musical numbers in Wicked are cinematic, but still feel true to their stage bound origins, and that remains true throughout both parts of the Wicked experience.  While none of the musical numbers here reach the epic heights of “Defying Gravity,” there’s still enough creativity in their staging to still make them feel immersive and visually pleasing.  There’s one particular number, a new original song for Glinda, that does some incredible things with mirrors that I thought really helped it to stand out in the movie.  Another highlight is the song “Wonderful” sung by Goldblum’s Wizard, which has some really great visual touches.  So, even while this is the lesser half of the narrative, there are still plenty of moments that will still enchant you while watching the movie.

I think one of the big issues that ends up hurting Wicked: For Good, which is a flaw inherent from the original show itself, is that it breaks up the heart of what made the first half so powerful, which is the chemistry between Elphaba and Glinda.  One of the best things about the Wicked movies is the absolutely perfect castings of the lead characters.  Cynthia Erivo of course has an angelic singing voice which made her a perfect candidate to fill Idina Menzel’s enormous shoes in the role of Elphaba.  But, she’s also a brilliant actor as well, bringing so much depth to this character.  And despite all of the naysayers who objected to her casting in the role, Ariana Grande has proven to be just as equally brilliant as Cynthia in her role as Glinda.  I would dare say that Ariana is the MVP of this whole endeavor, because so much of this movie rides on her ability to balance her performance between the silly comical aspects of Glinda’s character and the heavier emotional moments that she has to take very seriously.  So much of the movie relies on Cynthia and Ariana’s ability to work so harmoniously together and make this friendship the beating heart of the movie, and they pull it off magically.  It’s just unfortunate that they are apart for so much of Wicked: For Good.  The beautiful chemistry of these two actors is missing for a good chunk of the movie, and that unfortunately make a lot of the film feel like much of a drag.  But the highlights do come once they are finally sharing the screen again.  There’s an especially fun scene where Glinda tries to fight Elphaba one on one that is a hilarious high point in the film, and a much needed moment of levity in an otherwise darker second half.  Thankfully much of the returning supporting cast remain strong, though sadly with less to make them stand out.  Jeff Goldblum steals all of his scenes as the Wizard, strongly leaning into his own eccentric parody of himself, which matches the character well.  It’s also nice to see Michelle Yeoh really relishing her chance to play a villain, giving the character a nice menacing presence.  The one who unfortunately gets shorted the most in this second act is Jonathan Bailey as Fiyero.  He still has his moments here or there, but unfortunately the bulk of his character development and screen presence happened in Part One, so he more or less is just here to be a key supporting player.  It’s especially unfortunate since Part One showed off just how good of a musical performer he is.

The movie also does a great job of presenting such a rich, detailed version of the Land of Oz.  One of the best decisions that was made about the adaptation of this musical to big screen was splitting it up into two movies.  If the movie had adapted the story as it is from the stage production, it would have felt rushed and truncated on the big screen.  Making the whole thing a lavish 5 hour long production allows more space to really immerse us in the world of Oz over these two films.  That way we are better able to appreciate Nathan Crowley’s lavish sets and Paul Tazewell’s amazing costumes.  There’s a big difference between what works on the stage and what works on the screen, and the best movie musicals are the ones that find that right balance.  It’s also why so many movie musicals run between 2 1/2 to 3 hours in length, because movies really need that extra time for immersion into the world of their story.  Wicked was such a monumental undertaking that it all couldn’t be contained in just one movie, unless audiences were willing to sit for a 5 hour long show.  Wicked: For Good continues the high stand of the first film’s incredible production design.  The only downside is that because this is the second film of a two part production, the novelty of seeing it all for the first time is not there.  Apart from just a handful of new locations, like the castle that Elphaba holds refuge in, every other place in this movie are holdovers from the first.  It’s probably unlikely this movie will see the same success it enjoyed from last year’s Awards season, because it really isn’t showing much that we haven’t seen before.  But, at the same time, the movie still gives us plenty of time to appreciate all the work that went into the production.  Whether it’s the amazing Glinda dresses that Ariana gets to wear, or the graceful staging of the musical numbers that John M. Chu puts together, Wicked: For Good still succeeds as a visual feast for the eyes.

Despite the strengths comparable between the two films, taken as a whole these Wicked movies are a remarkable success.  There were a lot of high expectations surrounding these movies, especially given the universal success of the stage musical, which even after the release of these movies is still selling out shows across the world.  I really appreciate that the makers of these films didn’t just make a direct translation of the musical, but instead really explored what was possible in bringing this to the big screen.  Like the best movie musicals of the past, these movies understand what it takes to make what worked on the stage become a spectacle on the big screen.  Wicked is an epic just as much as it is musical, full of lavish detail that really makes the world of Oz come alive.  And “Defying Gravity” gives the experience a cliffhanger ending for Part One that even the likes of Marvel would be jealous of.  There’s no doubt that Wicked: For Good is the lesser of the two halves, and the one that is more reliant upon the other to give it meaning.  You unfortunately loose a bit of the magic if you only watch For Good independent of the other film.  The only way that this movie could ever match up with it’s predecessor is if it had that emotional high of the cliffhanger ending, and sadly that wasn’t meant to be since the musical itself couldn’t repeat that same emotional high.  But, there’s still a lot to like, particularly with the performances of the actors.  I also loved the way that, just like the stage show, the plot of the original Wizard of Oz is playing out in the background.  We never even see Dorothy’s face, which is as it should be, because this isn’t her story.  The movie expects us to know how the original story goes, and the charm of Wicked is in how it subverts the original Oz narrative.  Over time, I do see Wicked being celebrated among the likes of The Sound of Music (1965), My Fair Lady (1964), and West Side Story (1961) as one of the greatest stage to screen musical adaptations ever made, especially for how well the spectacle of it all was pulled off.  More than likely it will be because of the strength of the first half, but I hope many out there also see the bright points of Wicked: For Good as something worth celebrating as well.  It may not be a strong finish to this adaptation, which is more the original musical’s fault than anything, but it does do the best job it can to compliment it’s sister film.  And that’s something worth the journey over the rainbow for.

Rating: 7.5/10

The Rebel Warrior – 30 Years of Braveheart and Dealing With a Problematic Favorite

Over the last 30 years, there has been a lot of debate regarding the legacy of Mel Gibson’s Braveheart (1995) and it’s place in cinema history.  The movie did not exactly light up the box office when it was first released in the Summer of ’95, but strong word of mouth helped to carry it all through Awards season, where it ultimately took away 5 Academy Awards, including Best Picture, beating out what many considered the early favorite, Ron Howard’s Apollo 13 (1995).  And from there, the movie continued to build a reputation as a prime example of epic filmmaking that was starting to die out at the turn of the millennium.  But while the movie still earns plenty of praise for it’s craft, it also has faced a lot of scrutiny for the way it has misrepresented the history of it’s subject.  And then there is also the cloud of controversy that surrounds Mel Gibson himself.  People’s attitudes towards Braveheart today mainly comes down to how well they can disassociate the movie from the man who created it.  For some, the movie stands on it’s own, but for others whose opinion of Gibson today becomes too much of a distraction, often can bring themselves towards seeing the movie without bias.  And there is validity to people’s opinions in this manner; art is subjective and no one should be forced to like or dislike a movie based on the way others feel.  But there is no doubt that Braveheart is a complicated movie for a variety of reasons.  I myself have my own complex feelings about the movie itself.  For the longest time, Braveheart was one of my favorite movies, and for the most part I still have a lot of affection for it.  But as I have grown older, and have come to terms with some aspects of myself and where I stand on issues, I have been taking a more scrutinizing look at Braveheart and what it stands for.  It’s what people usually refer to as a “problematic favorite,”  which is something that by all accounts should be a piece of media that I should like or approve of, and yet I still do.

One of the more interesting things about Braveheart is that it both feels like a product of it’s time, and yet it was very much ahead of it’s time as well.  The movie started out as spec script written by writer and filmmaker Randall Wallace.  It told the story of famed Medieval Scottish freedom fighter William Wallace and his rebellion against the oppressive British occupation of Scotland that eventually led to it’s independence in the 14th century.  The script was eventually picked up by producer Alan Ladd Jr., who eventually got it into the hands of Mel Gibson.  Gibson in the 1990’s was near the height of his popularity.  He had been the star of many blockbuster franchises like Mad Max and Lethal Weapon.  In 1989, he and his producing partner Bruce Davey co-founded Icon Productions, which would be the springboard for Gibson’s next big career move, which was directing.  He chose for his directorial debut a little drama called The Man Without a Face (1993), but it was clear that he had bigger aspirations as a filmmaker.  One of Gibson’s favorite movies is Stanley Kubrick’s Spartacus (1960), and he was searching for a story that had the same kind of epic sweep as that film had.  It’s easy to understand Mel’s desire to direct something big and epic, given that his filmmaking role models from his early years in Australia were George Miller and Peter Weir, some of the greatest epic filmmakers of their time.  For Mel, Braveheart was just the perfect fit for his ambitions, but initially he was hesitant to step in front of the camera.  He only wanted to direct the movie, and he initially considered actors like Brad Pitt and Jason Patrick for the role of William Wallace.  But to secure financing from the studio, Gibson had to agree to starring in the movie, helping to guarantee the film had star power behind it.  And so, Gibson now had his opportunity to make the big sweeping epic that he always wanted to make.

The movie was by no means a guaranteed hit, even with Mel’s name on the marquee.  Historical epics in the 1990’s were seen as more awards bait than box office gold.  There were some movies that did break that track record, like Kevin Costner’s Dances With Wolves (1990), but other historical epics around that time, including Ridley Scott’s 1492: Conquest of Paradise (1992) were huge financial and critical busts.  Add this to the fact that Gibson had never attempted to direct something on this scale before.  It could have fallen apart very easily, and yet Mel Gibson was able to deliver something quite exceptional.  It helped that his production had a stellar team on board.  Cinematographer John Toll, fresh off his Oscar win for Legends of the Fall (1994), captured the majesty of the wild Scottish Highland locations in his photography.  Editor Steven Rosenblum also did a masterful job of making this 3 hour long epic hum along with exceptional pacing and nary a sense of any scene wasted.  And then there is the musical score by James Horner, which in itself may be the most beloved part of the movie with it’s haunting Gaelic styled melodies.  What also really made the movie memorable was the cast that Mel assembled to perform alongside him.  Many actors were able to get their big break by appearing in the film, including Brendan Gleeson, David O’Hara, Tommy Flanagan, and Angus McFadyen, while other veteran actors like Brian Cox and Patrick McGoohan were able to show off a different side to their talents.  Patrick McGoohan, who before this was most famous for his starring role in the series The Prisoner, pretty much steals the movie with his memorable villainous performance as King Edward “Longshanks,” and it was a role that helped to revitalize his career as an actor.  To this day, Longshanks is still one of my personal favorite movie villains, and that’s largely due to brilliant casting choice of McGoohan in the role.  The movie’s five Academy Awards were all deserving, including Mel’s for his direction, which was quite an achievement for someone on their sophomore film as a director.

Many films peak at the point of their Oscar wins, but for Braveheart it seemed like the Oscars were only the beginning.  Braveheart would continue to have a strong influence on filmmaking in the years ahead.  The groundbreaking way that Mel Gibson staged the battle scenes in the movie, shooting them in almost a documentary style with the camera caught in the thick of the action and not shying away from the intensity and gore of combat, would go on to influence so many other films with similarly staged battle scenes.  One has to think that the battle scenes in Peter Jackson’s The Lord of the Rings trilogy borrowed a lot of their staging from what was seen in Braveheart.  The TV series Game Of Thrones even has a very direct shout out to Braveheart in one particular shot of a horseback cavalry charging toward the camera in slow motion in the episode called “The Battle of the Bastards.”  The movie also worked it’s way into pop culture.  There were so many parodies made over the years of the pre-battle pep talk speech given by William Wallace, with Mel shouting his lines with that blue streak of war paint across his face.  Mel even got to poke fun at his own movie with a hilarious guest spot on The Simpsons years later, where he and Homer Simpson end up mooning studio execs like the moment in the battle scene.  The film also gets quoted quite a bit, especially Gibson’s guttural yell of “Freeeeeedoooommm” from his final scene.  But perhaps the movie’s most striking legacy may be the effect it had on the people of Scotland itself.  Before the movie, referendums on Scottish Independence from the United Kingdom never gained much traction amongst the Scottish people, but after the movie’s release calls for Independence have grown more and more louder.  In 1998, the UK Parliament responded to the rise in Scottish Nationalism with the Scotland Act, which granted Scotland the ability to form it’s own Parliament with a great degree of self-governing powers, but in exchange for maintaining the union that makes up the modern United Kingdom.  The extant to which Braveheart led to this is uncertain, but given that the sudden change in the Scottish political climate happened so soon after the film’s release shows that the movie helped to inject a bit of Scottish pride into the conversation that was happening in those fateful years.

But of course, over the years, the movie has been scrutinized quite a bit, with many complaints certainly coming with merit.  Most of the criticisms directed at the film certainly stem from it’s many historical inaccuracies.  Scholars of Scottish history have been especially pointed in their attacks on the film.  The first thing they will call out is the fact that the Scottish characters are all wearing kilts.  The kilt wouldn’t be common attire for Scottish men until at least the 17th Century, so the fact that it’s part of the costuming of this medieval set film is definitely a historic falsehood.  If anything, Mel and his team had the Scots wearing kilts 500 years too early as a shorthand way of differentiating them culturally from the English, and nothing says Scottish like a kilt.  There’s also a lot of historical inaccuracies with regards to the battles shown in the movie.  There’s one glaring problem with the depiction of the Battle of Sterling Bridge: the movie forgot to include the bridge.  Why Mel and his team decided to excise the part of the battle that gave it it’s namesake is unknown, but it certainly has become a slight against the movie for some historians.  Another controversial choice in the movie is the depiction of one of Scotland’s other historic icons; Robert the Bruce.  The Bruce is revered in Scotland as much as William Wallace and is celebrated as the father of their nation.  But, in the movie, Robert is portrayed as a betrayer of William Wallace; fighting against him as many Scottish nobles had historically so that they could maintain their connections to the English crown.  Of course, in the movie we see Robert (played wonderfully by Scottish actor Angus McFadyen) get redeemed as he picks up Wallace’s mantle after he’s gone and leads the Scots to victory.  But, for some, having Robert start off as a betrayer of Wallace seemed to be a insult to a national hero for the Scots.  There are valid criticisms to be made about how the movie deals with the details of real historical people and events, but at the same time, there are so many other beloved historical films that also play fast and loose with history; even more so than Braveheart.  Mel Gibson himself said that the movie he was making was first and foremost to entertain, then to inspire more interest in the subject of the story.  Gibson wanted to shine a light on the person of William Wallace, who’s history is often built more on legends than actual facts, and that’s how he approached the telling of Wallace’s story; by making him a legend.

But, there are things about the movie that over time have gone on to reflect poorly on it’s legacy that go beyond historical inaccuracy.  And one of those things has personally affected my own viewing of the movie, which has caused me to acknowledge this as a problematic favorite.  The movie, objectively, has an unfortunate homophobic slant to it with regards to it’s depiction of Prince Edward II in the movie.  Showing that Edward II was a homosexual in the movie is not the issue; there are plenty of historical accounts that show that Edward II had male lovers before and after he assumed the throne as king.  The problem is that the movie portrays Edward as very fey and as a weakling, leaning into so many stereotypes that were leveled against gay men in media for decades.  Irish actor Peter Hanly tries his best to make the character more than just a stereotype, but the film unfortunately treats the character as a punchline with regards to his sexuality, standing in stark contrast to the very masculine depictions of the Scots.  As I’ve grown older and have come out of the closet myself, it has indeed changed my perspective on the film, where it’s treatment of homosexuality is undeniably out of touch and prejudiced; treating it as thing to be ridiculed.  How much of this is intentional on Mel Gibson’s part is under suspicion too.  It’s become common knowledge that Gibson is a fundamentalist follower of the Catholic Church, which would lead one to believe that he shares many of the Church’s less than favorable views on homosexuals.  And yet, at the same time, one of his closest friends in Hollywood is out and proud lesbian actress and filmmaker Jodie Foster.  Gibson has leaned more into his fundamentalist faith in recent years, but at the time he made Braveheart, he was largely quiet about what he really believed and for the most part was on friendly terms with people of all creeds, political affiliations, and sexual orientations.  He may indeed be correct when he claims that the depiction of Edward II in the movie was not intentionally meant to demean gay people, but the fact that the portrayal still leans into so many stereotypes common from that time still shows that Gibson still had some built in ignorance of the LGBTQ population that over time has aged poorly for the film, and only looks worse after seeing Gibson fall deeper into extremism over the years.  There’s still a lot for me to love about Braveheart, but this is the part of it that makes it hard to love.

While the movie is undeniably flawed, there is still something about it that makes it rise above all of it’s problems.  What I think helps the movie still hold up is the fact that it represents the kind of rousing spectacle that seems to have disappeared from Hollywood over the years.  The 1990’s seemed to be the end of an era for the historical epic.  From Gone With the Wind (1939) to the glorious widescreen spectacles of Ben-Hur (1959), Lawrence of Arabia (1962) and Patton (1970), these were the movies that made us connect with history in a compelling way.  Over time, the grand historical epic became more niche and subdued, and by the time the blockbuster era came around, they had all but disappeared from the cinemas.  Once in a while, you would see something like Gandhi (1982) and The Last Emperor (1987) stand out, but these movies were more revisionist than their predecessors, and certainly were not box office draws in the same way.  But, starting with Dances With Wolves, the historical epic began to see some life in Hollywood once again.  It was shown that audiences could be compelled to sit for 3 hours or more in a theater if the story was compelling enough.  Mel Gibson found that in William Wallace’s story and he delivered an epic that really did feel like the kinds of Hollywood epics of old, while still modernizing it for the present day, especially when it came to the battle scenes.  With Braveheart’s help, Hollywood felt more comfortable investing in movies that helped to bring history back to life on a grand scale.  But even this was temporary.  James Cameron’s Titanic (1997) would go on to set box office records, and Ridley Scott’s Gladiator (2000) likewise also found success.  But it would be a bit mixed for Gibson in the aftermath of Braveheart, as his Revolutionary War epic The Patriot (2000) received a mixed reception, and his biblical film The Passion of the Christ (2004) would receive massive box office wins while at the same time tarnishing his image due to it’s controversies.  Eventually, historical epics once again flamed out, due in part to failures such as Troy and Alexander (both 2004) and the rise of fantasy epics like The Lord of the Rings, which ironically was inspired partially by Braveheart.  Though as brief as it was, the movie Braveheart showed that it was possible to make historical movies on a grand scale like it work in the Hollywood machine.  Gibson set out to make his own Spartacus, and there’s no doubt that he accomplished that goal.

Watching Braveheart today, it is still easy to get swept up in the cinematic grandeur of it all.  Say what you will about Mel Gibson as a person (which can be a lot) but there is no denying that he put a lot of passion into Braveheart with the primary intent to make a movie that took full advantage of what is possible with the medium of film.  The majestic scenery captured in John Toll’s Oscar winning cinematography; James Horner’s haunting musical score; the standout performances from both new and familiar faces.  It’s just unfortunate that the movie is also still strongly tied to a filmmaker who over the years has become more controversial and extremist.  Is the movie a representation of who Mel Gibson is today?  Not really, but it is hard to separate the art from the artist, especially when he’s there in front of the camera as well.  And there are plenty of things that haven’t aged well about the movie, particularly it’s depiction of homosexual characters in the narrative, which this out gay writer can’t just dismiss as it cuts close to home.  I acknowledge that the movie doesn’t treat people like myself in a dignified way, but the movie itself was not alone in the 1990’s in it’s portrayal of queer characters in popular media.  Braveheart was made at a time when visibility for queer characters in general was pretty poor across the board, so one has to account for the fact that it was a product of it’s time.  Also, even if the movie and by extension Mel Gibson have less than positive attitudes towards LGBTQ people, that doesn’t mean that all involved in the making of this movie share those same beliefs; not Brendan Gleeson, nor Angus MacFadyen, and especially not Brian Cox.  Braveheart is a movie in the end that shows just how special a historical retelling can be when done with the right amount of passion.  A good contrast to make is in comparing it with another epic movie taken from a page in Scottish history.  A movie about Robert the Bruce called Outlaw King (2018) covered much of the same ground as Braveheart, and yet even though it was an hour shorter and made with a lot more gloss and historical accuracy, it turned out to be quite dull, sluggishly paced and largely forgotten.  Despite it’s flaws, Braveheart will be remembered fondly for a long time because even though it plays fast and loose with history it feels larger than life and takes us on a ride as it weaves it’s narrative.  As William Wallace states, “Every man dies; not every man truly lives,” and what Braveheart does for us is make it’s legend come alive.

Evolution of Character – King Kong

One thing that seems to not have lost any appeal over the years in the history of cinema is a good monster movie.  There’s something very cinematic about the thrills that come from seeing a giant beast rampaging through a city or town and striking fear into the hearts of the humans that live there.  We have seen many different monsters brought to life on the big screen, but the whole subgenre itself owes it’s existence in the annals of movie history to the granddaddy of them all; King Kong.  Kong was the first true noteworthy movie monster; an incredible larger than life beast that could only come alive through the magic of movie-making.  Without Kong, we wouldn’t have ended up with Godzilla or Jurassic Park.  He was the true pioneer who paved the way for creature creation in the movies.  And he still remains a character at the forefront of so many different  advances in cinematic artistry.  Starting off as a mere puppet brought to life through stop motion animation, Kong now is given life through CGI technology that makes him feel even more lifelike and capable of conveying a whole range of emotions on screen.  In time, he has grown from a fearsome monster into something of an unexpected hero and protector of the human race, especially as he becomes a central character in what is know as the Monsterverse series of movies.  It is fascinating to see how Kong has evolved with the times through his nearly century long history, sometimes with some rather embarrassing results (especially during his more kid friendly era in the 1960’s.)  While much of Kong’s character remains the same, his impact on cinema takes some very interesting turns, and it shows that he is truly a timeless character that can still appeal to audiences of multiple generations.  In this article, I will be taking a look at some of his most noteworthy screen appearances and see how they individually impacted Kong’s legacy on the big screen.

KING KONG (1933)

The debut of the Eighth Wonder of the World.  Everything that we know about King Kong’s place in cinematic history stems from this iconic film.  This was the movie that placed RKO on the map as a powerful player in Hollywood, delivering a blockbuster that contained at the time some truly groundbreaking visual effects.  The film was the brainchild of director Merian C. Cooper, who co-directed the movie with Ernst B. Schoedsack.  One can’t help but see some meta-textual elements in the story, with Cooper creating a self-insert of himself in the character of Carl Denham (played by Robert Armstrong), a filmmaker who seeks to capture on film a creature the world has never seen before.  The journey takes him and his crew to the mythical Skull Island, where it is said that prehistoric creatures still live, enclosed by the native population behind an ancient stone wall.  They soon learn that the strongest of all the beasts behind the wall is a 50 foot tall giant ape known as Kong.  Kong was brought to life through several different techniques.  One was a giant mechanical head for the facial close-ups, and the other was through stop motion animation, done by pioneering animator Willis H. O’Brien.  O’Brien’s groundbreaking animation of Kong went beyond just bringing the creature to life.  He also gave Kong personality; even to the point where we have sympathy for him as he tries to fight back against the humans trying to hunt him.  O’Brien’s work would be a great influence on future special effects wizards in the industry, including the legendary Ray Harryhausen.  But it wasn’t just the animation that made the movie iconic; it was how Cooper and Schoedsack staged their action as well.  Not only did they have Kong rampaging through his native jungle, but he was also set loose on New York City as well, leading to a final confrontation on the then recently completed Empire State Building.  Thanks to this movie, not only was Kong immortalized, but so was his connection with the iconic structure.  Even after 90 years of standing tall in the New York Skyline, the image of Kong battling airplanes at the top of the skyscraper is still what most people will think of when they see it in person.  For being called the Eighth Wonder of the World, this movie went a long way towards helping Kong earn that title.

KING KONG VS. GODZILLA (1962)

Of course, King Kong had appeal far beyond just Hollywood.  In Japan, the original King Kong was a profound influence on an aspiring filmmaker who had an idea for a monster movie of his own.  In 1954, Ishiro Honda would change Japanese cinema forever with his groundbreaking monster film Godzilla (1954).  Instead of a giant ape, Honda imagined the people of Tokyo being terrorized by a giant lizard, born out of the after effects of nuclear fallout.  Godzilla was meant to be a metaphor of the terrible trauma that the Japanese people endured after the nuclear strikes in Hiroshima and Nagasaki that ended World War II.  The film itself would go on to become a massive hit not just in Japan, but across the world itself, sparking a new era in monster movie filmmaking.  And it was only inevitable at some point that both Kong and Godzilla would cross paths.  The studio behind Godzilla, Toho Productions, managed to secure the rights to use King Kong in one of their movies, which of course would pit him in a one on one confrontation with their iconic monster.  Honda himself would return to direct, though he objected to the more comical tone that Toho wanted to push on this movie.  His Godzilla was made like the original King Kong to be a terrifying experience for the audience, fitting with the message that he wanted to deliver about the dangers of nuclear war.  But, as both Godzilla and King Kong had grown to become these characters with mass appeal with audiences, the tone shifted from being serious to playful, and that’s largely what King Kong vs. Godzilla ended up being.  Unlike in his original film, Kong would be played physically by a man in a giant ape costume.  It fits with the style that Toho had developed with their Godzilla style monster movies up to this point, but the rubber masked actor doesn’t quite match the personality that was given to the stop motion puppet in the original.  Still, the show down between these two titans would indeed be popular, and of course, it wouldn’t be the last time they would share the big screen either.

KING KONG (1976)

After a decade of being a part of Japan’s monster movie pantheon, Hollywood would reclaim their iconic titanic ape for another big screen adaptation.  But, like with his Japanese portrayal, he would be brought to life through an actor’s portrayal in an ape suit.  What may be the most shocking detail of about this film is that the man in the ape suit is none other than legendary multi-Oscar winning make-up artist Rick Baker.  Baker designed and crafted the ape suits himself, but it’s rather surprising that he would be the one to wear it all himself.  While the facial sculpting and mechanical extensions to his hands are fairly impressive, it still creates an inauthenticity effect when you can clearly tell that it’s still a human actor playing this giant ape.  As hard as Rick Baker tries, he just doesn’t convincingly move the same way that a real ape does.  Interestingly, the movie takes the same story of the original film, but updates it to the present day, which at the time would have been the mid-70’s.  Instead of Carl Denham the eccentric showman hunting for a glimpse of King Kong, we have an oil tycoon named Fred Wilson (played by Charles Grodin) seeking to eliminate Kong so that he can extract resources from his home on Skull Island.  And instead of ending at the recently completed Empire State Building of the original, this version has it’s climax at the then recently completed Twin Towers of the World Trade Center.  There is an unmistakable environmental message being delivered, which does tie into the original film’s underlying theme about man’s hubris when it comes to attempting to conquer nature.  But, the delivery here is a lot less subtle with it’s message, and in many ways undermines the plot itself.  Unfortunately for all involved, the movie was a major financial bomb and put Kong into hibernation in Hollywood for quite some time afterwards.  At least for Rick Baker, this movie would lead to a very prosperous career afterwards where he would truly break new ground in visual and prosthetic make-up effects over the next several decades, becoming a true legend in the industry.  And he probably was happy that he didn’t have to be the guy in the monkey suit ever again.

KING KONG LIVES (1986)

This film made a decade after the last is indeed a direct sequel to 1976’s King Kong, and yet it also feels like a reboot of sorts.  I didn’t matter anyway since this movie also was a financial failure.  The noteworthy thing about this movie is that it introduces the idea that Kong is not alone in the world.  A second Kong is discovered, and she’s a female.  This prompts Kong to escape as he pursues his potential mate, even though he still suffering from the after effects of his fall from the Twin Towers.  Yes, doctors actually perform heart surgery on Kong in this movie, giving him an artificial heart to keep him alive.  It’s all a convoluted way to build Kong into a franchise character.  Part of what made Kong such an appealing character in the first place was the tragic pathos of his journey.  Even the 1976 film got that.  Kong is a creature that only attacks after being provoked.  His fury is not out of malice, but as a response to human beings not respecting his privacy.  The story of Kong is one of mankind attempting to find common ground with mother nature, or else it will succumb to forces it doesn’t understand and is too arrogant to honor.  But King Kong Lives ignores all that and just turns the film into an action packed thriller where we see Kong tear things apart.  Sadly, given the limited budget this movie had, all of the miniatures of the tanks and trucks that Kong tears apart just end up looking like he’s playing with toy cars.  Played by Peter Elliott this time, the ape suit is not quite as well constructed as the Rick Baker one, so it just reinforces the artificiality all the more.  The movie only stands out for it’s depiction of Kong undergoing heart surgery, which in a way is kind of a ridiculous campy moment that needs to be seen to be believed.  They literally take his old heart out like it’s a toy from a giant claw machine game.  Other than that, this was another failed attempt to recapture some of the cinematic magic of seeing King Kong alive on the big screen.  Thankfully, it would also mark the end of Kong’s ape suit era.

KING KONG (2005)

Finally, we have Kong brought to life in a way that feels true to his origins.  Instead of using a man in an ape suit or stop motion animation, this version of Kong would be brought to life through the newest advances in CGI technology.  It would not only help to make Kong look like a real ape, but also act like one too, while at the same time still displaying the personality that has helped to set him apart as a cinematic icon.  Director Peter Jackson has always pointed to the original 1933 King Kong as the biggest inspiration for him as a filmmaker.  It’s the movie that lit his fire, not just as a storyteller, but also as a filmmaker who makes extensive use of visual effects to tell his story.  After changing the world of cinema with his Lord of the Rings trilogy, Jackson was ready to deliver his loving tribute to the original King Kong.  And indeed, he would give Kong the epic treatment, taking the original story and expanding it into a 3 hour long extravaganza.  Of all the Kong movies, this one perhaps takes it’s subject the most seriously.  It’s definitely the most emotional portrayal of Kong we’ve ever seen, brought to life by the king of motion capture performance Andy Serkis, who previously brought the character of Gollum to vivid life for Peter Jackson in the Rings films.  You really become emotionally attached to this version of Kong, and that’s in large part thanks to what Serkis is able to do with his remarkable physical portrayal.  He would continue to build on what he did with Kong when he played another powerful, albeit much smaller, ape character as Cesar in the Planet of the Apes series.  Another key to the film’s success was the way they fleshed out the character of Ann Darrow.  Played famously by Fay Wray in the original, Ms. Darrow was not much more than a typical damsel in distress, but in Peter Jackson’s version she is played by Naomi Watts and is a woman with agency and someone who finds more connection with this massive ape than she does with any human.  The movie may be a tad too long and overly reverential, but it does give Kong a worthy portrayal that indeed is the best we’ve seen since his early days.  And it definitely proved that this was a character best realized through animation and not by way of a man in a monkey suit.  This movie set the standard for how we would see Kong brought to the big screen from here on out.

KONG: SKULL ISLAND (2017)

The Peter Jackson King Kong was more or less it’s own stand alone project, playing out much as the original did with the “twas Beauty killed the Beast” ending.  To depict Kong once again on the big screen would call for a reimagining.  Ten years after Jackson’s film, Legendary Pictures was developing their own slate of movies combining all of cinema’s most famous giant movie monsters into a shared universe, and they wanted to bring King Kong into their fold as well.  The Monsterverse, as it has come to be known, got it’s launch with a modern update of Godzilla (2014).  Naturally, the plan was to lead up to a confrontation between the two biggest icons, but Kong needed a new introduction to differentiate from all other versions of him we’ve seen before.  The people at Legendary came up with a rather unique idea by having Kong’s newest movie be done in the style of 70’s era Vietnam war flick, making this newest Kong film both grittier but also stylish in a way that matched the new tone.  This would also be the largest Kong we had ever seen before.  Previous Kongs, including the original and the Peter Jackson version, were estimated to stand as much as 50 ft. in height.  This Kong dwarfs them all by topping out at nearly 300 ft.  Instead of scaling skyscrapers, this Kong is one.  Like with Andy Serkis’ portrayal, this Kong is brought to life through mo-cap performance, this time by actor Toby Kebbell, and though he isn’t given as much of an emotional range as Serkis’ version, Kebbell still gives his Kong a menacing presence.  His Kong is very much a force of nature kind of creature; by poking the bear, you’ve become more likely to be torn to pieces by him.  The movie is more or less about the land of Skull Island itself and all the perils it holds, with the crew of humans led by Tom Hiddleston, Samuel L. Jackson, Brie Larson, and John Goodman all learning that Kong’s kingdom is best left to the King.  Overall, it does a good job of introducing King Kong into the Monsterverse, and in many ways it hinted at just how much of a powerful force he was going to bring to the series in the years to come.

GODZILLA VS. KONG (2021) and GODZILLA X KONG: THE NEW EMPIRE (2024)

As promised, the Monsterverse did bring it’s two biggest hitters together in a one on one confrontation, and it thankfully didn’t disappoint.  Any time Godzilla and Kong share the screen, it is magnificent.  Of course, the weakest parts of all these Monsterverse movies have been the human characters, and over time it feels like the people at Legendary have figured this out too.  The growing trend throughout the Monsterverse movies that feature Kong is that he is being given more and more screen time.  In many ways, he’s grown into the main protagonist of the series, and that overall has been a good thing.  The Kong we meet by the time we get to Godzilla vs. Kong is older and more accustomed to being around humans.  The organization in the Monsterverse called Monarch that oversees the Titan creatures like Kong and Godzilla have found ways to accommodate human society around these monsters and even rely on them as protectors from more dangerous threats out there.  It’s weird to think of King Kong and Godzilla as forces for good in our world, but somehow the Monsterverse movies have managed to make that concept work in their movies.  Of all the Monsterverse characters, Kong is clearly the best defined, and he makes for a strong and likable hero in this franchise.  One of the best ideas the franchise has put forth is that Kong and Godzilla are begrudging allies in this world they co-inhabit, teaming up only when it’s necessary to take down a greater threat.  Otherwise, they’ll be fighting each other for supremacy.  This version of Godzilla is very territorial and doesn’t want anyone to challenge his reign as King of the Monsters, which Kong seems to oblige just as long as he gets to live freely in his home in the hollow Earth.  These movies are becoming increasingly ridiculous, but that’s kind of been their charm too.  In many ways, these Monsterverse films accomplish more effectively what the Toho monster films were attempting; creating silly but engaging entertainment around these iconic monsters.  And the crazier these movies get they somehow become more entertaining.  And the filmmakers knew that Kong would be the best one to anchor this whole Monsterverse together.

Over the 90 plus years that King Kong has been seen on the big screen, he still stands as one of cinema’s most enduring icons.  The original film is still a masterpiece of action filmmaking, with visual effects that have gone on to inspire so many other film creations over the years.  And at it’s center was proof that even a visual effect could act and show emotion.  You can see why people like Ray Harryhausen and Peter Jackson were so inspired by what the movie accomplished.  It was a movie that really showed what the medium was capable of.  And as we’ve seen with the Legendary Pictures’ Monsterverse movies, Kong is still a character that audiences can root for.  But, it’s his story that also resonates across the years.  Mankind has often pushed itself into places it’s perhaps should have left alone, and as a result has paid the price for it.  We are still grappling with the effects of our impact on nature, and how we as humans treat animals great and small.  In the original story, Kong isn’t so much killed by his chase after Beauty, but instead by being out of his natural element.  He is pulled away from his home on Skull Island to the concrete jungle of Manhattan, and it dulls the instincts that kept him alive all these years.  He has grown more tame, because he doesn’t understand this new world he’s been brought to, and that made him vulnerable.  It makes one reconsider what we are doing to the great ape species like him when we observed them behind bars at a zoo.  King Kong’s original story is a profound one, but we’ve also seen how Kong can endure when his story isn’t bound to tragedy.  The great thing about the Mosnterverse franchise is that it’s shown us a Kong that is truly set free and allowed to earn that title of King in his own domain.  We’ll see where his adventures take him next, but there’s no doubt of his rightful place as one of cinema’s true icons.  The Eighth Wonder of the World and so much more.

Liking and Subscribing – How YouTube Ultimately Won the Streaming Wars

For the last few years, the entertainment industry has gone through a massive upheaval, chasing after a brand new online based revenue stream.  This “streaming war” involved a huge amount of capital being poured into creating the infrastructure as well as the exclusive content that would draw audiences to these new platforms.  For the longest time, Netflix was alone as a streaming provider, and Hollywood was taking notice of just how much money they were making on monthly subscriptions.  Netflix continued to grow even more as they had gained the ability to form their own production wing, and were not as reliant on all the licenses that they were paying the movie studios for in order to play their movies and shows.  As Netflix continued expanding, the movie studios (in particular the Big 5 of Disney/Fox, Paramount, Warner Brothers, Universal and Sony) began to consider that it would be in their best interest to take Netflix’s formula and repeat it under their own umbrella.  The expense of setting up all of these streaming platforms was not unsubstantial, but Hollywood believed that it was an investment worth making for the long term, as it seemed that streaming was the future of entertainment.  But, what ended up happening was that the pool of potential subscribers was split up among the separate streamers and many of them couldn’t reach the lofty growth projections that they hoped to reach.  Even with the assist of the pandemic forcing many people to turn to streaming as a sole outlet for entertainment over the course of that turbulent year, many of the streaming platforms struggled to find their footing.  Now, over half a decade in and only one of the studio run streaming platforms (Disney+) has managed to reach profitability, and just barely.  What Hollywood failed to see was that another factor in the streaming content market was also affecting the viewership patterns of the audience pool that the studios were hoping to capitalize on.  The user generated video streaming site YouTube has not only emerged as a primary player in the streaming wars, but possibly also it’s victor.  And the truth behind it’s dominance all comes down to economics; particularly when it comes to the audience itself.

YouTube of course existed long before there was any concept of streaming entertainment.  When it launched in 2005, home entertainment was still dominated by the likes of Blockbuster Video.  Netflix had only just started it’s DVD by mail service, and it would be another 6 years before they would make their first jump into streaming.  And yet, YouTube would instantly make an immediate splash in the online world.  The concept of “Viral Video” stemmed from the way user uploaded videos would suddenly gain attention not just in the online community, but in the whole pop culture zeitgeist itself.  Google, which clearly saw the potential of YouTube’s ability to generate buzz worthy content, purchased the platform for a then substantial $1.6 billion.  With Google’s backing, YouTube was able to expand it’s revenue through advertising monetization program, which enabled people who uploaded to the platform to make money off of the content they created.  Being a YouTube content creator could actually help people earn a living, and in some cases, people who were able to gain a massive subscriber base could become multi-millionaires.  But, to get to that place is difficult, and a large part of YouTube content creation is trying to figure out how to manage the algorithm and get noticed in a competitive market.  That’s why so many YouTubers are working a hustle in all their videos, asking people to like and subscribe to their channel.  The constant pressure to meet quotas for viewership in order to make money off of the platform has also led to a lot of creators burning out over time.  But, even with all that, YouTube still has managed to evolve into something that not only provides plenty of material for broadcast on a daily basis, but many of the creators on the platform has improved the quality of their content so much that it rivals much of what we see on linear television itself.  One big factor that helped to make YouTube even more of a worthy competitor to television itself was in 2010 when they removed the time limit for video uploads.  Before then, all content creators were bound by a ten minute ceiling, but afterwards the sky was the limit.

Now people regularly go to YouTube for any kind of entertainment they desire, and creators could take advantage of the creative freedom allowed on the platform.  YouTube became a place for underground outlets of journalism and experimental film-making.  Of course, terms and conditions set by YouTube and their parent company Google applied, but YouTube content creators found that this platform afforded them an outlet that could reach a totally different audience than they would’ve through traditional media.  The barriers to getting noticed were also smaller, as it didn’t matter if you had a foothold in the entertainment business beforehand; you could reach a massive audience and become famous if you managed to stick out in the algorithm.  Even Hollywood was taking note.  While viewership numbers for linear TV shows have been declining for years, those same shows can still retain relevancy if the clips on their YouTube channel still get a lot of views.  The Nielsen ratings, once the major barometer for judging the success of television show, now only tells half of the story.  The viewership patterns for NBC’s Saturday Night Live are a good example of this, as their TV ratings make it look like the show is falling off every single season due to dwindling broadcast numbers.  And yet it’s cultural relevance still has not waned, because it also enjoys a massive following on YouTube.  It has a 16 million large subscriber base, and their clipped videos almost continually do millions of views even in the course of a week after airing.  And in case of some of their more viral videos, like the “Lonely Island” music videos they’ve put out, they can reach far more viewers than they ever would’ve during their late night broadcasts.  YouTube has significantly changed the way that people consume television, with a lot people opting not to check out these shows live when they were originally scheduled, but instead on their own time, and repeatedly if they are viral enough.

But there is a much bigger factor in what has ultimately made YouTube the true king of streaming; that it’s free to use.  Where all the other streaming platforms derive revenue from monthly subscriptions, YouTube is primarily funded through ad revenue.  Sure, there is a YouTube Premium service available where people can subscribe to watch their content ad-free, but for the most part, people have largely accepted the ad service model as a way of getting content at no cost to them.  This is why YouTube is the second largest trafficked website on the planet, because there is no barrier to logging in and watching.  And as stated before, the quality of the content has risen so much over the years that YouTube channels are now competitive with what we see on television.  Sure, network television is still made free for the public, and also supported by add revenue, but the number of stations is limited to just a handful of networks; ABC, NBC, CBS, FOX, CW, and Public Broadcasting.  Cable Television was created as a paid alternative to give viewers more choices in programming, but the fact that it’s pay walled has diminished it’s value over time, especially in competition with what streaming provides.  One thing that we have seen the big studios struggle with in the last couple of years is what to do with linear television, as the ad revenue they can generate from their holdings have shifted to other places like YouTube.  Advertisers have learned that more eyes are going to streaming instead of the networks and cable channels, so that’s where they are putting their money now.  Disney, whose holdings include ABC and ESPN, has had to reshuffle their corporate structure in order to meet the new reality in broadcasting; so much so that many have speculated that Disney may be looking to offload their linear television channels in the future in order to focus on streaming instead.  The tolerance for ad breaks has been one of the biggest surprises to come from the streaming wars, largely due to the fact that YouTube’s ad support model is getting the most traction in the online space.  That’s probably why so many of the streaming platforms have created their own ad-supported tier as a more budget minded alternative; including Netflix.

But one thing that YouTube has decided is not in their wheelhouse is the idea of creating their own original content to compete with the likes of Netflix.  Not that they didn’t try.  Before YouTube Premium became an ad-free only option, YouTube had another paid service called YouTube Red.  YouTube Red was going to be ad-free like Premium ultimately ended up being, but it was also going to offer original shows and films made by YouTube’s own in house production company.  YouTube Originals would create a string of original shows and movies that not only would compete with the likes of Netflix, but would also be useful in spotlighting the brand of YouTube itself.  One thing that YouTube Originals did was tap into their own pool of content creators to develop shows and films that would be extensions of their own channel content, only with a more substantial budget.  Creators like gamer PewDiePie and others were among the people tapped to start up this new phase of YouTube’s programming, with a large emphasis on reality based content.  But, there were scripted programs made too, including a couple of buzz-worthy programs.  It may surprise many to know that a hit show like Cobra Kai, a spinoff series based on the Karate Kid films, started it’s life as a YouTube Original.  YouTube produced the first two seasons of the series, and for those seasons it became the driving force for YouTube Red’s subscriber growth.  But it clearly wasn’t enough.  In 2018, YouTube announced that they were phasing out YouTube Red in favor of growing their Premium service, and this included the shuttering of YouTube Originals.  The majority of the original shows that premiered on YouTube Red were quietly cancelled, but a couple were allowed to be shopped out to other interested parties.  In the case of Cobra Kai, it was picked up by Netflix, which kept the show running for an additional four seasons, all of which were wildly successful for the streamer.  In the end, YouTube saw their value as a platform for content creation rather than a production outfit themselves.

This has helped YouTube to stay ahead of so many other streamers in the race for attention from potential viewers.  So many of the studio run streamers cater to such a specific kind of audience, while YouTube is literally a place where you can find anything to watch.  Sure, YouTube can’t run movies and television shows from the major studios (and they have strict rules about uploading pirated movies onto their platform as well), but they are the place where everything else is available to see: how-to tutorials, video podcasts, highlight reels, and tons of videos about cute pets.  What YouTube has done in it’s 20 year existence is change the viewing habits of the average consumer.  One phenomenon that has come from consuming programming on YouTube is the “rabbit hole” binge watching habit that so many people have developed.  It comes from people choosing one video to watch on YouTube, and then clicking on one of the algorithmic selected suggestions that are attached to that video, and then repeating the same function after watching that.  Some people can spend hours just watching the random stream of videos that are suggested to them through YouTube’s algorithm, and that’s the thing that Hollywood is trying to compete against.  Of course all the streamers operate on some kind of algorithmic programming that caters to the subscriber’s viewing habits, but their suggestions are often confined to the niche selection that they have curated from their own libraries.  Meanwhile, YouTube literally contains billions of random types of videos on their platform, with countless more added each day, so those who go down the YouTube rabbit hole are far more likely to encounter something new they haven’t seen before when they are given suggestions from the platform’s algorithm.  This is why so many people are giving their time over to YouTube; the variety of options and the simple interface of YouTube’s platform that makes it easy for viewers to continue watching.

The streaming wars as a result has become less of a race to the top and more of a contest for third place.  Netflix had a ten year head start on all the other wannabe competitors, but even Netflix has to compete for time with what YouTube has to offer.  The bad news for Hollywood is that there doesn’t seem to be any alternative path to being able to do what YouTube is able to do.  It really is an entity without peers.  Disney or Universal is not going to suddenly launch a competitor to YouTube, where users can upload videos onto a site they run.  With YouTube, it’s better to find ways to work with it than compete against it, and all the major studios have their own channels on the platform where they launch movie trailers, as well as a couple YouTube exclusives of their own.  But just like everyone else, they are subjected to the ebb and flow of how YouTube’s algorithm works, so it’s not exactly the place where they can launch one of their multi-million dollar projects.  The problem Hollywood faces now is trying to figure out how to maximize their audience reach in a market that clearly has been shaken up by streaming.  With YouTube pulling in millions of views daily, and Netflix showing little signs of weakness, the studios are searching for new ways to drive engagement on their own platforms.  For the longest time, exclusive content was the thing to bring in subscribers, but that required an insane amount of capital to produce, especially in the early days of the streaming wars when these new platforms had so little to offer.  What we’ve seen happen is a lot of these traditionally powerful media giants face some hard financial pitfalls due to their ramp up of production to feed these streaming monsters.  But, because of the large amount of offerings out there (with every studio jumping in) the potential audience was splintered and the amount or revenue coming in was not countering the investment it took to put it all together.  That’s why so many mergers and acquisitions are happening, as the studios are trying to shore up their financial burdens due to the amount of money they burned through in such a short amount of time.  Meanwhile, YouTube and Netflix have continued to maintain their leads in the streaming race, with their already firmly established hold on their audiences allowing them to weather the stormy seas of the streaming wars.

YouTube may not be a powerful player in terms of production, it still is the place where most people go to for quick, easy to digest entertainment.  Hollywood is learning more and more that their goal should be to offer audiences entertainment that is special enough to get people to click of their computers and phones for an hour or two.  For a long time during the streaming wars, the studios were under the Field of Dreams belief that “if you build it, they will come,” but as we’ve seen building isn’t enough.  You need to make people want to actively go out and see something, whether it be in a theater or on a separate platform.  One of the biggest problems facing streaming right now is the rising cost of everything.  The low price points at launch were a big help in getting people to subscribe to these new streaming surfaces, but all the incremental price increases since then have caused a lot of budget conscious people to tune out.  Moving to streaming was a big part of the whole “cutting the cord” movement that drew people away from subscribing to cable, but now the costs have risen to the point where streaming is now on par with cable TV and possibly even more depending on how many services people have signed up for.  While streaming can be a good value overall depending on how robust their libraries are, people are becoming more picky about which ones they want.  And that audience churn has become the biggest problem facing the market today, especially for the studios that have seen their growth stagnate even after spending billions creating exclusive programming for it.  All the while, YouTube is free to use, easy to navigate, and offers a lucrative creator incentive structure that enables a higher quality of entertainment than just simple home videos.  At the same time, there is truth to there being too much of a good thing, and YouTube’s monopoly on people’s attention is not exactly healthy in the long term for the future of entertainment.  Hopefully Hollywood discovers a way to deal with the competition that they face with YouTube and manage to build something special that either competes strongly against the pull of YouTube, or manages to survive alongside it.  In the face of television and home video, Hollywood has always managed to find ways to bring audiences back to the movies and prestige entertainment.  In the meantime, enjoy the best that YouTube has to offer, but in good moderation.  There are plenty of good content creators on YouTube that are deserving of your attention.  But just remember to come out of that YouTube rabbit hole before it consumes too much of your day and support the arts in far more direct and personal ways beyond it.